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Search Filters for Various Databases

This resource has search filters for different study types organized by interface and database. Make sure you choose the correct one! For example, you can't use the Ovid Medline interface to search PubMed!

Ovid Medline

To use the filter, run your search in Ovid Medline and then copy and paste the text from the search.  Add it to the last line of your search strategy.

  • Case-control studies (updated 6/14/2013)
    Case-Control Studies/ or Control Groups/ or Matched-Pair Analysis/ or ((case* adj5 control*) or (case adj3 comparison*) or control group*).ti,ab.
    • Note: may want to consider adding retrospective studies/ as a term
      Case-Control Studies/ or Control Groups/ or Matched-Pair Analysis/ or retrospective studies/ or ((case* adj5 control*) or (case adj3 comparison*) or control group*).ti,ab,kw.
  • Cohort studies
    cohort studies/ or longitudinal studies/ or follow-up studies/ or prospective studies/ or retrospective studies/ or cohort.ti,ab. or longitudinal.ti,ab. or prospective.ti,ab. or retrospective.ti,ab.
  • Clinical trials (updated 10/21/2015)
    "clinical trial".pt. or "clinical trial, phase i".pt. or "clinical trial, phase ii".pt. or clinical trial, phase iii.pt. or clinical trial, phase iv.pt. or controlled clinical trial.pt. or "multicenter study".pt. or "randomized controlled trial".pt. or double-blind method/ or clinical trials as topic/ or clinical trials, phase i as topic/ or clinical trials, phase ii as topic/ or clinical trials, phase iii as topic/ or clinical trials, phase iv as topic/ or controlled clinical trials as topic/ or randomized controlled trials as topic/ or early termination of clinical trials as topic/ or multicenter studies as topic/ or ((randomi?ed adj7 trial*) or (controlled adj3 trial*) or (clinical adj2 trial*) or ((single or doubl* or tripl* or treb*) and (blind* or mask*))).ti,ab,kw. or ("4 arm" or "four arm").ti,ab,kw.
  • Cross sectional studies(updated 6/14/2013)
    Cross-Sectional Studies/ or Prevalence/ or (cross-sectional or prevalence or transversal).ti,ab,kw.
    • Many authors do not indicate that their study is a cross-sectional in either the title or abstract, nor are the articles marked with the appropriate MeSH terms. This search will locate only those that have been identified appropriately by the author.
  • Epidemiological studies (general search, may catch additional case-controls or cohorts)
    Epidemiologic Studies/
  • Incidence (updated 4/26/2016)
    Incidence/ or incidence.ti,ab,kw.
  • Qualitative studies
    ((("semi-structured" or semistructured or unstructured or informal or "in-depth" or indepth or "face-to-face" or structured or guide) adj3 (interview* or discussion* or questionnaire*))).ti,ab. or (focus group* or qualitative or ethnograph* or fieldwork or "field work" or "key informant").ti,ab. or interviews as topic/ or focus groups/ or narration/ or qualitative research/
  • Systematic reviews or meta-analyses (revised 9/15/2014)
    (((comprehensive* or integrative or systematic*) adj3 (bibliographic* or review* or literature)) or (meta-analy* or metaanaly* or "research synthesis" or ((information or data) adj3 synthesis) or (data adj2 extract*))).ti,ab. or (cinahl or (cochrane adj3 trial*) or embase or medline or psyclit or (psycinfo not "psycinfo database") or pubmed or scopus or "sociological abstracts" or "web of science").ab. or ("cochrane database of systematic reviews" or evidence report technology assessment or evidence report technology assessment summary).jn. or Evidence Report: Technology Assessment*.jn. or ((review adj5 (rationale or evidence)).ti,ab. and review.pt.) or meta-analysis as topic/ or Meta-Analysis.pt.
  • Cochrane Systematic Reviews only
    "cochrane database of systematic reviews".jn.
    • Just meta-analyses (3/1/2011)
      meta-analysis as topic/ or Meta-Analysis.pt. or (meta-analy* or metaanaly*).ti,ab.
    • Search for Publication Type=Review (any type of review, doesn't catch all systematic reviews!)
      review.pt.
  • Program evaluation (revised 6/17/2016)
    evaluation studies/ or evaluation studies as topic/ or program evaluation/ or validation studies as topic/ or ((pre- adj5 post-) or (pretest adj5 posttest) or (program* adj6 evaluat*)).ti,ab. or (effectiveness or intervention).ti,ab.
    • Testing this (6/14/2013):
      "comparative study".pt. or "evaluation studies".pt. or "validation studies".pt. or evaluation studies as topic/ or Pilot projects/ or program evaluation/ or validation studies as topic/ or Intervention Studies/ or ((pre- adj5 post-) or (pretest adj5 posttest) or (program* adj6 evaluat*)).ti,ab. or (effectiveness or intervention).ti,ab.
    • variation:
      "comparative study".pt. or "evaluation studies".pt. or "validation studies".pt. or evaluation studies as topic/ or Pilot projects/ or program evaluation/ or validation studies as topic/ or Intervention Studies/ or ((pre- adj5 post-) or (pretest adj5 posttest) or (program* adj6 evaluat*)).ti,ab. or (effectiveness or intervention).ti.
  • Guidelines/Recommendations (revised 12/3/2015)
    clinical adj3 pathway).ti,ab,kw. or (clinical adj3 pathways).ti,ab,kw. or (practice adj3 parameter).ti,ab,kw. or (practice adj3 parameters).ti,ab,kw. or algorithms/ or care pathway.ti,ab,kw. or care pathways.ti,ab,kw. or clinical protocols/ or Consensus/ or Consensus Development Conference.pt. or Consensus Development Conference, NIH.pt. or Consensus Development Conferences as Topic/ or Consensus Development Conferences, NIH as Topic/or critical pathway/ or guidance.ti,ab. or guideline*.ti. or guidelines as topic/ or practice guidelines as topic/ or Health Planning Guidelines/ or practice guideline/
  • Limit to US studies (9/14/2016)
    Run your search as usual.
    (last-line-number and (north america/ or exp united states/)) or (last-line-number not (exp africa/ or exp asia/ or exp australia/ or exp canada/ or exp europe/ or exp south america/))
  • Limit to Humans (9/15/2016)
    Run your search as usual
    Don't use the Humans limit check box; it limits to only those articles with Humans as a MeSH term and will miss the newest articles.
    (last-line-number and humans/) or (last-line-number not animals/)
  • Vaccinations (not specified for which disease; 9/8/2014)
    vaccines/ or viral vaccines/ or  immunization/ or immunization schedule/ or immunization, secondary/ or immunotherapy/ or immunotherapy, active/ or vaccination/ or mass vaccination/ or immunization programs/ or (vaccin* or immuniz* or immunis*).ti,ab,kw.
    • Combine with the disease of interest; include the virus or bacteria name as well
    • Combine also with the MeSH term for the vaccine
      • ex. (vaccines/ or viral vaccines/ or  immunization/ or immunization schedule/ or immunization, secondary/ or immunotherapy/ or immunotherapy, active/ or vaccination/ or mass vaccination/ or immunization programs/ or (vaccin* or immuniz* or immunis*).ti,ab,kw.) and (hiv infections/ or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/ or hiv seropositivity/ or (hiv or aids or human immunodeficiency).ti,ab,kw. or aids vaccines/)
  • Breast cancer (9/8/2014): Copy and paste each line into Ovid Medline, then combine line 6 with other appropriate terms.
    1. breast neoplasms/ or carcinoma, ductal, breast/ or "hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome"/
    2. breast/ or mammary glands, human/ or nipples/ or Breast Diseases/
    3. Neoplasms/ or Adenocarcinoma/ or Carcinoma/
    4. 2 and 3
    5. (brca or (breast adj4 (adenocarcinoma* or cancer* or carcinoma* or metasta* or neoplasm* or tumo?r))).ti,ab,kw.
    6. 1 or 4 or 5

See examples on using the Ovid Medline filters